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Threats to biodiversity and environmental health

1) Sewage

In SE England privatized water companies have been compelled by European legislation to begin upgrading sewage treatment. Even with the existing law the water companies will not have to treat sewage fully. The effects of this for the health of humans and other species is known to be detrimental.

With the increased rain caused by climate change we will have to redesign storm drainage in urban areas of the Transmanche region.

2) Chemicals

Point Source: The discharges of large chemical plants have been relatively poorly understood. Although the region has fewer plants than other regions, increased monitoring of near shore habitats is important if we are to try and achieve sustainability. A classic example is the use of bottom paint on boats which was eventually found to be causing sex changes in Dog Whelks.
Non Point: Run-off from urban areas and pesticide/herbicide saturated fields has effects on the sea quality. As climate change accelerates both countries will face urgent challenges to control these discharges. Bio engineering will support moves toward sustainability eg. using porous pavements and different planting systems.
On a bioregional scale the rivers contribute 80% of pollutants entering the sea. Sustainable seas means sustainable rivers. We will have to try and limit point source and non point source pollution in the river valleys.
Spills: The Transmanche region is split by the worlds busiest shipping lane. Within our lifetime the chances of a major spill are very likely. Double hulled oil and chemical tankers are now more common but much work remains to be done if we are to prevent disasters which have affected both countries in the past e.g. Erica (2000). Tougher enforcement of safety features is essential for boats flying flags of convenience passing through the Channel.
Web Links: www.sas.org.uk

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